2024년 1월 7일 일요일

체질량지수, BMI, Body Mass Index 계산기와 해석하기

체질량지수, BMI, Body Mass Index

자신의 BMI 계산하기(체질량지수 계산기)

체중과 키를 kg과 cm 단위로 노란셀에 입력합니다. 

자신의 BMI가 감색칸에 보여지며 그래프에도 반영됩니다. 

그래프의 x축에는 체중이 있어서 자신의 체중을 어느 정도 조절하면 표준에 들어갈지 알 수 있습니다. 

스마트폰에서는 노란칸에 더블클릭하면 입력 가능합니다.


계산식

BMI= 체중/키의 제곱(단위는 kg과 cm)


해석

18.5와 24.9 사이가 표준, 25와 29.9 사이가 과체중, 30과 34.9 사이가 비만

그 이상은 고도비만

이 기준은 사실 연구 결과에 따라 바뀔 수 있는 기준들입니다. (의의를 꼭 읽어 보세요)


의의

계산식이 매우 단순하기 때문에 과거부터 현재까지(아마도 앞으로도) 선진국부터 후진국까지 널리 사용되어왔고, 많은 연구 결과가 누적되어 있습니다. 

근육의 양, 지방의 양 등 세부적인 체성분 및 다른 지표들에 대한 반영이 되어 있지 않습니다. 

그러나 다른 체성분, 지표들은 측정 장비에 따라, 상황에 따라 수시로 변동되며, 나라마다 시대마다 달라지기 때문에 연구 결과를 신뢰할 수 없거나 누적된 결과가 적습니다. 

예를 들면 '근육량이 많고 체지방이 적으면 좋을 것이다'라는 가설을 검정하려면, 

근육량/체지방을 측정하는 정확하고 일관된 장비가 세계 여러 곳에 있어야 합니다. 

또 좋다는 것이 '사망이 적다'라고 가정한다면, 사망이 될 때까지 수십년간의 데이터가 있어야 합니다. 

실제로는 그렇지가 않습니다. 근육량/체지방은 측정장비에 따라 그날의 상황에 따라 민감하게 변합니다. 측정이 가능하게 된 역사도 오래지 않았고요. 나라마다 측정하는 기계도 정도관리가 되지 않았을 가능성이 많습니다.

그래서, 측정이 쉽고 일관된 체중과 키가 누적된 결과가 많을 수밖에 없고, 그것 때문에 확실하게 근거있는 연구는 여전히 BMI가 많이 사용됩니다. 


한편 누적된 결과들을 보면 표준보다는 약간의 과체중 쪽이 수명이 더 높다는 연구들이 있어서, 표준의 기준이 달라져야 한다, 아시아계에서는 특히 그렇다는 가설들이 존재합니다. 

즉 표준 구간이 어디인지도 계속 연구 결과를 추적해야 하는 것입니다. 

예를 들어, "국내에도 과체중에 속하는 사람들이 사망할 확률이 가장 낮다는 연구가 있다. 2006년에는 한국인에서 BMI와 사망률이 21.9~27.9 kg/m2에서 가장 낮다는 연구가 발표됐고, 한국인 1200만여명을 대상으로 BMI와 사망률 조사한 2015년 연구에서는 한국인 최적 BMI가 18.5~24.5 kg/m2라는 연구결과가 나왔다."  (https://m.health.chosun.com/svc/news_view.html?contid=2021032600803 )

사실 연구 결과는 남자, 여자, 지역(민족), 추적기간이 얼마나 되느냐, 어떤 연령을 대상으로 했느냐에 따라 계속 달라집니다.













2023년 10월 9일 월요일

Multiple p values and adjustment in R

1. Things to know in advance

2. WHY

Multiple p values and adjustment in R


 to save your Time, to save your Life
 Luke9:25 What good is it for a man to gain the whole world, and yet lose or forfeit his very self?

3. HOW




학회, 좌장 영어

1     사회자 멘트

Professor (~~~) and Professor (~~~) will preside over this session. Let us welcome them.

We will have Satellite Symposium, followed by a short coffee break.

We are slightly behind schedule (We are on schedule).

The Welcome Reception will be held at 6:30 pm on Thursday, November fifth at the second floor of buffet restaurant. Please join us for this reception as well. I hope to see many of you there.

Good morning to you all today. Welcome to the (~~~). We are so pleased to see all of you attending this year's conference. We are extremely happy that you join us today for informative presentations about issues in the field of information technology. This year, we will be addressing the theme of (~~~)

I extend my appreciation for your participation, and my best wishes for a successful forum that offers promising implications for all. Thank you very much.

 

 

2     시작 인사 및 알림

Good morning to you all. Let me start by thanking you all participants and presenters for being here today. Today's sessions cover various topics on (~~~)

Hello all. This is already our third and last day of this year's conference. It has been a tremendous success so far, and I hope your interest and participation carry on today.

Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to this scientific session. This is scientific session number 3. The session topic this afternoon is (~~~).

My name is Dr. (~~~) from Seoul Medical Center, Seoul Korea. - My Co-chairman is Dr. (~~~) from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, USA.

 

Could everyone take a seat, please? We are ready to start. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the scientific session on (~~~).

I am (~~~) from Seoul Medical Center, Seoul Korea and will be Chairman for this session. Serving with me as a Co-chairman is Dr. (~~~), Professor of the Medical University of (~~~).

 

3     소개

We have many excellent papers this afternoon and I would like to start immediately by inviting the presenter of the first paper to speak. The title of the first paper is (~~~). The paper will be given by Dr. (~~~) from Busan Medical Center.

Since the first three papers are on the same subject I would like to have the discussion time at the end of the third paper.

Now, I'd like to call on Dr. (~~~) from the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto to present their experience with (~~~)

I think we'd better move on to the next paper. The next paper is (~~~) presented by Dr. (~~~) from Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Let me introduce our first presenter, Dr. (~~~) from (~~~) University. He will present a topic on (~~~). Thank you Dr. (~~~).

Without a further delay, I would like to introduce our first speaker. Dr. (~~~). will present his topic on (~~~). Let us welcome him/her with a round of applause.

The second paper is entitled, (~~~) and will be given by Dr. (~~~).

There is unfortunately no time for questions, I would like to ask our next speakers to come to the podium.

We have 10 papers. Each presentation will be limited to 12 minutes including 3 minutes of discussion. Please try to keep to your time limit. I will chair the first five papers and Profession A will chair the second five. I'd like to call on our first speaker, Dr. (~~~) from Hospital (~~~), in New York City, to talk about (~~~)

Now, we have Dr. (~~~)  from Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee for abstract No. 210. His title is (~~~).

 

 

4     특별상황

The speakers have 8 minutes to present, which will leave two minutes for discussion. If we have any time at the end, we will have an opportunity for a group discussion.

Unfortunately, Dr. (~~~) who was expected to be the Co-chairman for this session could not attend the meeting. We are honored, however, to have in his place, Dr. (~~~) who is the Director of the Korean Institute of (~~~).

Unfortunately there has been a slight change in the program, because Dr. (~~~) has not arrived. The first speaker will be Dr. (~~~) who will talk about (~~~).

Before we begin, I would like to call your attention to a few changes in the program. Paper No. 6 by Dr. (~~~) and B will be presented first and the others will then follow as detailed in the program. Also, Dr. (~~~), the presenter of Paper No. 4 was unable to attend. We will include the paper of Dr. (~~~) and E which was Posted No. 30 entitled (~~~)

There are some seats available in front, please come forward and be seated.

I have been asked to make an announcement. If Dr. (~~~) is in the room, please contact the secretariat.

 

 

5     시간제한

Dr. (~~~). I'm sorry, but we have to move on: we're running short of time (behind schedule). Are you almost finished, Dr. (~~~)? Your time is almost over.

Excuse me, Dr. (~~~), but your time is up. Will you please briefly summarize the rest of your talk?

The schedule is rather tight, so may I ask the speakers to keep to the allotted time so that we have an opportunity for discussion. So, it is important to keep to schedule so that we can complete this session on time. We are 15 minutes late.

I am sorry Dr. (~~~). Your time is up. Please quickly summarize your findings. - Dr. (~~~), you must stop now.

 

 

 

6     질문시간광고

At the end of today's presentation, we will have a better understanding of (~~~).

From our discussion today, we will have learned more about (~~~).

Does anyone have any question at this point?

I will hold a Q&A session at the end of the presentation.

Please try to hold you questions until the Q&A session at the end of the presentations

 

7     질문 유도

Thank you Dr. (~~~)for your interesting paper.

We have time for just one more short question

I would like to close with one more question.

I would like to invite questions from the audience. Please wait for a microphone and give your name, city and country before your question.

Are there any more questions? If not, I have a question for Dr. (~~~).

Now, I will open the floor to questions (The paper is now open for discussion). Are there questions or comments from the floor?

Are there any urgent questions? We would appreciate it if you could be brief with your question.

Are there any questions or comments for Dr. (~~~)?

Are there any questions or comments from Dr. (~~~)? When you ask a question, please speak clearly into a microphone, and state your name, affiliation, city, and country.

Any questions from the audience? (We have time for one question. If there are no further questions, let's move on to the next paper.)

 

8     질문 하기

What size of stent did you use for the 10-week-old infant? - Four of 40 patients underwent surgical revision. What kind of surgical revision did they have? Was the surgical revision more difficult because of the placed stent?

What do you think about using covered metallic stents in the treatment of benign tracheobronchiaI disease?

I'd appreciate it if you would explain your complications more specifically.

 

How did you keep the airway open or patent during tracheal stent placement?

Do you perform balloon dilation for benign tracheobronchial disease before stent placement? The next paper will be No. 208 by Dr. (~~~) from (~~~) Hospital in (~~~). His topic is (~~~).

Were myocarditis and ischemic myocardial injury confirmed in all patients?

Could you tell us a bit more about the complications

 

40% of group B showed subendocardial sparing of hyperintensity on delayed MRI after GD-DTPA injection, but the other 60% did not. What's the mechanism of sparing of hyperintensity on delayed MRI?

What dosage of GD-DTPA do you use?

When you place a second stent for the case of stent migration, do you use the same size stent or Iarger one?

There have been some reports describing disruption of the polyurethane membrane. Did you note this in your cases (Did disruption occur in any of your cases)?

 

 

Was there no mucosal overgrowth even after 6 months?

Do I understand that the complication rate associated with the large-bore access is not higher than that associated with small-bore?

Do you give general anesthesia? - Do you use prophylactic antibiotics?

 

 

 

9     마칠 때

I want to thank everyone who has taken part in and contributed to this session.

Thank you all, including my co-chair, for participating today. I hope you have learned what you expected from this session.

I thank all the participants for having attended this session and for the honor of having been with you here

I am particularly grateful to those of you who have traveled a great distance to be here with us.

Please feel free to contact us through email. You will find our addresses in the syllabus.

I'd like to congratulate all the presenters on the excellent work. I hope all of you enjoyed this free paper session. I will close this session with my thanks to Dr. (~~~) and thanks to you all for your participation and contribution.

We will now have a coffee break in the booth exhibition rooms. Ladies and gentlemen, please move to Emerald and Ruby Jade Rooms for a coffee break.

Please attend the satellite symposium after dinner. I hope to see many of you there as well.

If there are no more questions, that brings us to the end of this Scientific Session number 6. I hope you will agree that we have had some excellent presentation and I would like to thank all the speakers and their co-authors for presenting their work to us today. May I also thank everyone who has attended and contributed to this session? Good afternoon and enjoy the rest of the meeting.

We will have a 10 minute break now

Now, we have coffee break for 20 minutes.

 

 

2023년 10월 5일 목요일

Group-Based Multivariate Trajectory Modeling in R

1. Things to know in advance

2. WHY

Group-Based Multivariate Trajectory Modeling in R
upto 80MB

 to save your Time, to save your Life
 Luke9:25 What good is it for a man to gain the whole world, and yet lose or forfeit his very self?

3. HOW

2023년 9월 13일 수요일

음료수 칼로리

 다양한 음료수들의 칼로리들

코카콜라 라이트, 나랑드 사이다, 티오피 더 블랙, 레드를 슈거프리, 파워에이드, 칸타타 아메리카노, 티오피 스위트 아에리카노, 레쓰비 아메리카노, 게토레이 화이트플래시, 게토레이 블루볼트, 포카리스웨트, 게토레이, 액스월 하우스 싱글카페, 레쓰비 모카라, 2% 부족할때, 맥스웰 하우스 오리지날, 맥스웰 하우스 싱글카페 카푸치노, 조지아 리틀카페, 레쓰비 마일드, 실론티, 에네르겐, 티오피 마스터 라떼, 액스월 하우스 블루옛 마일드, 칸타타 라더, 티 오피 조코렛 모카, 비락식혜, 조지아 오리지널, 데자와, 레쓰비 카페타임 모님거피, 컨피던스, 레쓰비 카페타임 라떼, 오란씨 파인애플, 잔치집식혜, 펩시, 칠성사이다, 코카콜라, 레드불, 세븐업, 조지아 카페라떼, 킨사이다, 마운틴듀, 미린다 포도, 핫식스, 핫식스 라이트, 스프라이트, 조지아 카라멜향 마키아또, 조지아 맥스, 미란다 파인애플, 데미소다 애플, 맥콜, 환타 딸기향, 미린다 오렌지, 밀키스, 환타 스무디, 선카스트 일론소다, 환타 오렌지, 환타 포도, 환타 파인애플, 트로피카나 스파클링 포도, 트로피카나 스파클링 오렌지, 트로피카나 스파클링 사과, 웰치 포도, 웰치 딸기, 트로피카나 스파클링 망고, 로피카나 스파큘링 복숭아